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What Is The History of Silicone Softeners?

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What is the history of silicone softeners?


1. History of silicone softeners



In 1863, French chemists C. Friedel and J. M. Crafts produced the first silicone compound SiEt4 containing Si-C bonds.


In the late 1930s, silicone resin was produced.


In 1940, dimethyl silicone oil was produced.


In 1943, Dow Chemical (Dow) and Corning Glass Company (Corning) jointly established Dow Corning (DC), specializing in the production and research of silicone. In 2016, Dow Chemical acquired Corning's shares, and Dow Corning, which had been owned for 73 years, withdrew from the stage of history.


In 1947, General Electric (GE) established the silicone department. In 2006, Apollo acquired the silicone business department of General Electric of the United States for US$3.8 billion and officially established Momentive Materials Group (MPM). In 2010, Apollo merged Momentive High-Tech Materials and Hansen to form Momentive High-Tech Materials Holdings Co., Ltd. In May 2019, a consortium consisting of South Korea's KCC, Wonik QnC and SJL Partners L.L.C. officially completed the acquisition of Momentive Group!


In 1947, Dr. Siegfried Nitzsche's report entitled "Silicon-containing Plastics" conquered Wacker, and Wacker Germany immediately decided to hire this young chemist. Dr. Siegfried Nitzsche later became the father of Wacker silicone. In 1949, Dr. Nitzsche and his colleagues successfully developed the first silane synthesis. Soon after, the first silane furnace was built and put into use. In 1955, Wacker produced the first batch of silicon rods. In 2005, Wacker Germany and its Chinese partner Demei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. jointly established a company to produce silicone.


In 1952, BAYER began to produce silicone and later formed a joint venture with GE.


In 1953, Shin-Etsu of Japan began to produce silicone, and in 2002, Zhejiang Shin-Etsu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. was established.


In 1954, Rhone-Poulenc of France established a new factory in Saint-Fonds, creating a siloxane and silicon derivative factory. (Later merged into China's Bluestar Silicone.)


In 1966, Toray of Japan began to produce silicone, and later merged into Dow Corning.


In 1968, Xinghuo Chemical Factory was officially established. In 1979, the Ministry of Petrochemicals and the Jiangxi Provincial Planning Commission approved the construction of a 600-ton silicone production unit at the Xinghuo Factory. In 1996, Xinghuo Silicone joined China Bluestar.


In 1984, the founder of Bluestar led 7 people and borrowed 10,000 yuan to establish China's first professional cleaning company. Since 2006, Bluestar has successively acquired France's Adisseo, France's Rhodia's silicone and sulfide business, and Australia's Qenos, entering the international market and transforming towards globalization. In 2011, Bluestar acquired Norway's Elkem; in 2018, Elkem integrated Bluestar's silicon industry chain and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in Norway, becoming the first Chinese company to be listed in Norway.


China has become the largest consumer and producer of silicone materials.



2. Development of silicone softeners:




First generation: dimethyl silicone oil, hydroxyl modified silicone oil

dimethyl silicone oilhydroxyl modified silicone oil

                 

                            Dimethyl silicone oil                                                     Hydroxyl modified silicone oil



Features: low cost, not washable, easy to demulsify, and was mainly used for spinning oil.



Second generation: epoxy modified silicone softener, amino modified silicone softener

Epoxy modified siliconeAmino modified silicone

                    Epoxy modified silicone                                               Amino modified silicone



Features: non-hydrophilic, easy to demulsify, epoxy modified focuses on dryness, amino modified focuses on smoothness, and amino modified silicone oil has yellowing problem.



Third generation: polyether modified silicone softener

Polyether modified silicone

                           Polyether modified silicone


Features: good hydrophilicity, not easy to demulsify, but the feel is slightly worse.



Fourth generation: linear block copolymer modified silicone softener

Linear block copolymer modified silicone oil


Features: good hydrophilicity, soft feel, low yellowing, not easy to demulsify.




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