Why do we need to finish the fabric?

Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and other kinds of fabrics, after pre-processing, dyeing or printing, etc., due to moisture, heat, tension, etc., the original width and length of the fabric will be deformed to a certain extent. The purpose of finishing is mainly to solve the following problems.

Make the fabric width neat and stable in size and shape. This type of finishing includes: fixed width, anti-shrinkage, anti-wrinkle and heat setting.

Improve the feel. This kind of finishing can use mechanical methods, chemical methods or the combination of the two to treat the fabrics, so that the fabric's hand feeling, such as soft, plump, smooth, stiff, light and thick, can be improved.

Improve the appearance of fabrics. Use physical mechanical or chemical methods to improve the appearance of the fabric, such as gloss, whiteness, drape, etc. Such finishing includes: calendering, electro-optical, whitening, shrinking, etc.

Improve the wearability of the fabric, or give the fabric special functions. The use of mechanical or chemical methods to produce fluff on the surface of the fabric to improve warmth retention, such as raising, shearing, imitating wool, imitating silk, imitating suede, etc. Some chemicals are used to make the fabric have special functions such as water repellent, oil repellent, anti-fouling, sanitation, and UV resistance. Hydrophilic, antistatic, anti-pilling and other finishing of chemical fiber fabrics.

The requirements for fabric finishing not only vary depending on the types of fibers that make up the fabric, but even fabrics composed of similar fibers are also different due to different types of fabrics and special uses.

　　According to the above requirements, fabric finishing processing methods can be divided into two categories, namely mechanical finishing and chemical finishing. The former usually uses moisture, heat, force (tension, pressure) and mechanical action to complete the processing method; the latter uses chemical agents to chemically react with the fiber to change the physical and chemical properties of the fabric. However, there is no clear boundary between the two. For example, soft finishing can be finished by general mechanical methods or by adding softeners to obtain finishing effects, but most of them are carried out at the same time by two methods, such as durable electro-optical finishing, so that the fabric is padded with resin first The finishing agent is calendered and baked by an electro-optical machine after drying.

The content of fabric finishing is very extensive, and new content is constantly being added with the development of science and technology. At present, fabric finishing has evolved from the stage of simply exerting the inherent properties of fibers and obtaining temporary finishing effects, to the use of new finishing agents and new equipment to give fabrics more excellent and lasting effects. After finishing the textiles, it can not only improve the grade of the product, but also increase the added value of the product.