What Are The Common Fabric Finishing Process?

Fabric finishing can be roughly divided into the following aspects according to its finishing purpose:

1. To make the fabric door width neat, size and shape stability. Belonging to this kind of finishing is fixed width, shrinkage and wrinkle prevention and heat shaping, etc., known as shaping finishing.

2. Improve the feel of the fabric. Such as stiffening finishing, soft finishing. This kind of finishing can use mechanical methods, chemical methods or both together to deal with the fabric, in order to achieve the purpose of finishing.

3. Improve the appearance of fabric. Such as gloss, whiteness, drape and so on. There are rolling finishing, whitening finishing and other finishing to improve the surface properties of the fabric.

4. Improvement of other taking properties. Such as flame retardant cotton fabrics, water repellency, health finishing; chemical fibre fabrics hydrophilic, anti-static, anti-pilling finishing.

01, feel finishing

Textile feel and fibre materials, yarn varieties, fabric thickness, weight, tissue structure and dyeing and finishing processes have a relationship. In terms of fibre materials, silk fabrics feel soft, hemp fabrics hard, tweed fabrics puffy rough and elastic. This section of the feel of finishing only refers to the stiffness of finishing and soft finishing.

A. Firming finishing

Tough finishing is the use of film-forming polymer substances made of finishing paste dipping rolled on the fabric, so that it adheres to the fabric surface, after drying to form a film will be wrapped around the surface of the fabric, so as to give the fabric smooth, thick, plump, stiff feel.

B. Soft finishing

Soft finishing method of a mechanical action to make the fabric feel softer, usually using three-roller rubber blanket pre-shrinking machine, properly reduce the operating temperature, pressure, speed up the speed, you can get a softer feel, if you make the fabric through a number of passive square guide cloth rod, and then into the rolling machine on the soft rolling point for rolling, you can also get a smooth and soft feel, but this soft finishing method is not washable, most of the current Softening agent is used for soft finishing.

02、Forming Finishing

Including fixed width (stretched) and mechanical pre-shrinkage two kinds of finishing, used to eliminate the fabric in the previous processes in the accumulation of stress and strain, so that the fibres within the fabric can be in a more appropriate state of natural arrangement, so as to reduce the deformation of the fabric factors. The strain accumulated in the fabric is the main cause of fabric shrinkage, wrinkles and roughness.

A. Fixed width (stenter)

Principle: the fixed width finishing is the use of cotton, viscose fibers, silk, wool and other moisture-absorbent hydrophilic fibers, in the wet state has a certain degree of plasticity; synthetic fibers of thermoplasticity, the width of the door slowly widened to the required size, thereby eliminating some of the internal stress, adjust the warp and weft yarns in the fabric in the form of fabrics, so that fabrics are neat and tidy, weft skew has been corrected; the same time, fabrics by drying and cooling to obtain a more stable size (mainly refers to the weft direction), the fabrics will be more stable. Stable size (mainly refers to the weft direction), in order to meet the specifications of the finished printing and dyeing products.

Role:

The width of the fabric is stretched to the standard size, correcting the uneven width, weft slant, aurora and other shortcomings of the fabric in the printing and dyeing process.

Stretching project established in the fabric contains the appropriate moisture, the use of mechanical clamps to the edge of the fabric gradually widened, and slowly drying, so as to obtain a temporary stereotypes.

The width of the fabric before and after stenting, there should be a certain limit, otherwise it will cause serious shrinkage phenomenon.

B. Mechanical pre-shrinkage finishing

After the dyeing and finishing process of dry fabric, if in the relaxed state by water wetting, the fabric of the warp and weft will occur obvious contraction, this phenomenon is called shrinkage. Usually, the difference in the length of the warp or weft direction of the fabric before and after washing according to the test standard, which accounts for the percentage of the length before washing, is used to indicate the shrinkage rate of the fabric in the warp or weft direction.

Mainly to solve the problem of warp shrinkage, so that the fabric weft density and warp weaving shrinkage adjustment to a certain extent and make the fabric with a relaxed structure. After mechanical pre-shrinkage of the fabric, not only "drying and shaping" deformation is very small, and after wetting, because the warp and weft still leave enough room, so that it will not be due to fibre swelling caused by the shortening of the fabric's warp length, that is, to eliminate the potential shrinkage of the fabric exists within the fabric, so that it is pre-retracted, so that it will be able to reduce the finished product of the shrinkage rate.

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